200-125 CCNA ( CCNAX => Cisco Certified Network Associate Accelerated )

Cisco Systems is a multinational company which deals with the design, manufactures and sells networking as well as inter-networking based devices.

Cisco sells a range of Products and Services, the detail is available online:
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/index.html

The persons working with Cisco devices can also have professional certifications from Entry to Architect level.

Cisco on its website has an Interactive Career Path. It is very helpful in choosing a specific training paths. Newcomers in the field of networking are highly recommended to follow the link bellow. The link covers all of the certification like  IT Essential: PC Hardware and Software, CCNA, CCNP, CCIA and CCAr.

http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/netacad/get_involved/careerPath.html

DIX (Digital, Intex, Xerox) jointly developed an standard in 1980 which defined a frame called DIX frame also called Ethernet_II frame.

IEEE started to work on Ethernet in February 1980, that's why it is called 802 (80 from 1980 and 2 from February).

Following are the various LAN standards.

IEEE standard Name	Media Type	Speed
10Base-T (IEEE 802.3)	category 3 unshielded twisted pair (UTP)	10Mbps
100Base-TX (IEEE 802.3u)	EIA/TIA category 5, 5E, or 6 UTP two-pair wiring	100Mbps
100Base-FX (IEEE 802.3u)	fiber cabling 62.5/125-micron multimode fiber	100Mbps
1000Base-CX (IEEE 802.3z)	Copper twisted-pair, called twinax	1Gbps
1000Base-T (IEEE 802.3ab)	Category 5, four-pair UTP	1Gbps
1000Base-SX (IEEE 802.3z)	multimode fiber-optic	1Gbps
1000Base-LX (IEEE 802.3z)	Single-mode fiber	1Gbps
1000Base-ZX (Cisco standard)	single-mode fiber-optic links	1Gbps
10GBase-T (802.3.an)	UTP cables (category 5e, 6, or 7 cables)	10Gbps

SUMMARIZATION/  SUMMARY ADDRESS/  SUPERNETING/  AGGREGATION:

In summary route or route summarization, a series of IP address are mapped to a single IP address.

 

PROCEDURE:

Step 1. Write all the given IP address in the binary format.

172.16.12.0/24	10101100  00010000  00001100  00000000	10101100  00010000  00000000  00000000
172.16.13.0/24	10101100  00010000  00001101  00000000
172.16.14.0/24	10101100  00010000  00001110  00000000
172.16.15.0/24	10101100  00010000  00001111  00000000

Step 2. Count the number of bits in common which in the above table happens to be till bit number                 22nd bits

Step 3. Write the summary address from the common bits found in Step 2. In the example given                     above  this address would be  10101100  00010000  00010001  00000000

            The  decimal equivalent will be 172.16.12.0

Step 4. Write the count of common bits in the end of Summary address formed in Step 3, which in                 the above case would be 172.16.12.0/22

Note: The example has been taken from http://www.ciscopress.com/
The following link can be used to find out summary address for IP ranges:

http://www.netmatics.net/FreeTools/IPv4SupernetTools/SupernetCalc

Total Number of CCIE in the world can be found at:

http://web.archive.org/web/20071027063416/http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/le3/ccie/certified_ccies/worldwide.html

My Research Publication

A) INTERNATIONAL  JOURNAL PUBLICATION

1. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Kamran Taj Pathan, Akhtar Ali Jalbani, Shazia Parveen Soomro, Cooperative network coded relaying for sensor nodes in agriculture,  Science International Sci.Int.(Lahore),26(1),101-104, 2014 ISSN 1013-5316; CODEN: SINTE 8.

2. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Akhtar Ali Jalbani, Mukhtiar Memon, Mansoor Hyder and Christoph F Mecklenbräuker Cooperative space-time codes with network coding, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2 July, 2012 doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2012-205.http://jwcn.eurasipjournals.com/content/2012/1/205 (Impact Factor 0.72)

3. Mukhtiar Memon, Gordhan Das Menghwar, Akhtar Ali Jalbani, Mansoor Hyder and Waqar M. Mashwani Security Modeling for Service-oriented Systems using Security Pattern Refinement Approach Journal of Software and System Modeling, DOI: 10.1007/s10270-012-0268-6. (Impact Factor 0.72)

4. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Mansoor Hyder, Akhtar Ali Jalbani, Mukhtiar Memon, Alamouti versus Network Coding based Cooperative Communications Science International Sci.Int.(Lahore),24(3),229-232, 2012 ISSN 1013-5316; CODEN: SINTE 8.

5. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Ayaz Keerio, Zahid Hussain, Mukhtiar Memon, Outage Probability of Repetition Coding Based Adaptive Decode-and-Forward Protocol for Cooperative Communications, Sindh University Research Journal (SURJ), Vol. 44(3) September 2012.

6. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Akhtar Ali Jalbani, Mukhtiar Memon, Mansoor Hyder, Cooperative Communications: A New Trend in the Wireless World, International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering, e-ISSN : 0975-3397 Print ISSN 2229-5631 available online 

http://www.enggjournals.com/ijcse/doc/IJCSE12-04-02-114.pdf

7. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, Block-Markov Encoding with Network Coding for Cooperative Communications, Elsevier Journal on Computer Communications, ISSN: 0140-3664, (Impact Factor 0.87)  available online: http://dx.doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2010.07.024

B) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE PUBLICATIONS

1. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Shazia Parveen Soomro,  Zhong Ting and  Qin Zhiguang, "Network Coding based Cooperative Device-to-Device Communications in the Uplink of Cellular Network" 9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS-2015) submitted

2. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Shazia Parveen Soomro and  Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker ,“Networking Coding based Multiple-access channel with a dedicated relay versus cooperative communications”, in Proc. The Second International conference on Communication, connectivity, convergence, content and cooperation, (IC5 2014), Aalborg, Denmark,  May 11-14, 2014.

3. Gordhan Das Menghwar,“Alamouti based Cooperative Communications with a Relay Node using Network Coding: A Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff Perspective”, in Proc. 17thEuropean Wireless 2011, Vienna, Austria, April 27-29, 2011.

4. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, “Outage  Probability of Alamouti based Cooperative Communications with Multiple Relay Nodes using Network Coding”, in Proc. IEEE 2nd International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies (ISABEL 2010), Rome, Italy, Nov. 7-10, 2010.[invited paper]

5. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker,”Outage Analysis of Cooperative Space-Time Codes with Network Coding,”in Proc.ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA 2010), Bremen, Deutschland, February, 2010.

6. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker,”Block-Markov Encoding Implementation with Network Coding for Cooperative Communications: A Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff Perspective,”in Proc.IEEE 2nd International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies (ISABEL 2009), Bratislava, Slovak Republic,Nov. 24-27, 2009.[invited paper]

7. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, ”User Cooperation versus Multiple-Access-Channel with Dedicated-Relay using Network Coding", in Proc. Mosharaka International Conference on Communications, Computers and Applications  (MIC-CCA2009), Amman,  Jordan,  Oct. 26-28, 2009.

8. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker,”Outage Performance of Two Users Cooperative Network Coding”, in Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Communication and Information Technology (ISCIT 2009), Incheon, South Korea, Sep. 28-30, 2009.

9. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Asif Ali Shah, and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker,“Cooperative Space-Time Codes with Opportunistic Network Coding with Increasing Numbers of Nodes,”in Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS 2009), Siena, Italy, Sep. 7-10, 2009.

10. Gordhan Das Menghwar, Wajiha Shah, andChristoph F. Mecklenbräuker,“Throughput and Outage for Block-Markov Encoding Implementation with Network Coding for Cooperative Communications,“ in Proc. IEEE Wireless Communications, Vehicular Technology, Information Theory, Aerospace &Electronic Systems Technology (Wireless ViTAE-2009), Aalborg, Denmark, May 17-20, 2009.

11. Gordhan Das Menghwar, BujarKrasniqi, Asif Ali Shah, and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker,“Cooperative Space-Time Codes with Opportunistic Network Coding,” in Proc. IEEE Sarnoff Symposium 2009, Princeton, New Jersey, USA,  March 30-31 & April 1, 2009.

12. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker,“Cooperative Versus Non-cooperative Communications“ in Proc. Second IEEE International Conference on Computer, Control and Communication (IEEE-IC4 2009), Karachi, Pakistan, Feb. 17-18, 2009.

13. Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, “Network Coding for Cooperative Communications,“ in Proc. Junior Scientist Conference 2008 (JSC-2008), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, Nov. 16-18, 2008, ISBN: 978-3-200-01612-5.

GRE and HEC Scholarships

Most of the developed countries require their new comers, who want to  study in their undergraduate program, to pass a Graduate Record Examination Test (GRE). Therefore, it is highly recommended for every student who want to continue their higher education abroad should prepare himelf for this test.

In Pakistan, HEC was established in the year of 2002 and it started to fund the students for pursuing their higher studies in many developed countries like Germay, France, Austria and UK. The applicant had to appear in a GRE type test conducted by HEC and if one could get passing score of at least 50 marks out 100, he was then interviewed by the representatives, called foreign expert, from those  countries and was offered scholarship based on his performance in that interview conducted by the foreign expert.

In continuation to the previous efforts to uplift the higher education in Pakistan, HEC still offers many scholarships to interested candidates and National Testing Service (NTS) has been authorized to conduct GRE type tests.

Further information can be found on the following links

http://hec.gov.pk/Pages/HECMain.aspx

http://www.nts.org.pk/

                                                                        BOOKS:

There are many standard books to follow for successful results but the mostly used books are:

                                                Barron's GRE, 20th Edition 20th Edition

                                                                              by 

                                            Sharon Weiner Green M.A., Ira K. Wolf Ph.D. 

                  http://www.amazon.com/Barrons-Edition-Sharon-Weiner-Green/dp/1438002149

                                                  ARCO GRE/GMAT Math Review

                                               6th Edition (Gre Gmat Math Review) 

                                                                           by

                                                                  David Frieder

http://www.amazon.com/ARCO-GMAT-Math-Review-Edition/dp/0768918316

Humanity Comes First

I am really amazed to see the news on the first page of the Dawn newspaper about a girl who went missing 12 years ago in Lahore and eventually found her way in Edhi Centre. The girl fighting with her fate is living with Mrs Bilquis Edhi exactly like her own child. In the photo published in the Dawn newspaper, no doubt one can see the eyes waiting for years to mingle with her own parents but on the other hand one can also see the comfort provided by her new parents in the name of Abdul Sattar Edhi and Mrs Bilquis Edhi.  Though, I think that this news came in the light of media because of a movie released by Bollywood in which Salman Khan is playing a lead role and little Harshaali Malhotra plays a role of a missing girl from Pakistan. 

However, this real story has something more to say about the humanity norms of our south Asian region and I am very much proud and confident that there must be hundreds of such stories in our region where humanity has won over extremism and where people have accepted the individual identities of each other with respect. And this noble example is shown by the behaviors of Mrs Bilquis Edhi who first considering the little girl a Muslim gave her the name of Fatima but once she realized that she believe in some other religion than without any delay she used to call her with the name from her belief without changing the intensity of care to that little mute girl. 

                                   Note: The above photo is taken from epaper.dawn.com/

Finally, I would highly appreciate the spirit of the newspaper who gave place to this news on its front page where the routine news are, unfortunately, most of the time frustrating and full of hopelessness.

In China

 Postdoctoral Talk at UESTC China                     

I was invited for a talk at University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) China. The title of my talk was Network Coding for Cooperative Communications.  I have been working on relay and cooperative communication research since 2006 when I got enrolled for PhD at Institute of Telecommunications at Vienna University of Technology, Austria. This was my first presentation in front of Chinese students and I was very happy at the end to have such an interactive and lively audience. During the session, with such a lively and interactive energetic discussion, I also learnt many new things from the audience at the School. For my postdoc at UESTC I will remain thankful to Professor Qin Zhiguang and Professor Zhong Ting. They both are really such a nice personalities that with their presence one will never feel foreigner, even sometime they give you a feeling that you are also Chinese and this is not a first time that you are within such a friendly and warm welcoming nation.

The abstract of talk was as follows:

Abstract

Network Coding for Cooperative Communications

For reliable wireless transmission, cooperative communications has been proposed as an effective way to exploit the spatial diversity, in size constrained nodes. However, the cooperative transmission gains are achievable if one follows the information theoretic block-Markov coding used in the proof of the capacity regions of cooperative communications.  In this talk, I will first discuss an efficient and low cost option for the operational implementation of block-Markov coding for cooperative communications. To characterize the performance, I derive outage probability and the resulting diversity-multiplexing tradeoff. The outage probability results show that block-Markov coding inspired, network coding based cooperative communications offers higher diversity gain than the space-time or the repetition coding based cooperative communications. Subsequently, a novel cooperative communication scheme based on the combination of space-time and networking coding will be presented. This will follow the discussion of effectiveness of network coding based cooperative communications for sensor in nodes in agriculture and finally, the talk will be concluded with the comparative study of network coding based cooperative communication and multiple access channel with a dedicated relay.  

The following contents are taken from the link:

http://www.ss.uestc.edu.cn/index.php/chuguoshenzao/2014/10-24/658.html

Gordhan Das Menghwar

作者：     浏览量：14936     发布时间：2014-10-24 09:46:00

      2014年10月22日中午12：40，学院研分会联合国际交流办公室邀请到Gordhan Das Menghwar博士在电子科大沙河校区信软楼416会议室举办了题为“针对协作通信的网络编码”的全英文学术讲座。国际办王娅老师、研究生辅导员钟林鹏老师、研分会成员以及学院本科生、研究生共计30余人参加了该次讲座。

       Gordhan Das Menghwar博士硕士毕业于巴基斯坦信德通讯科技大学，在奥地利维也纳科技大学电信学院获得博士学位，是巴基斯坦信德农业大学信息技术中心全职研究员。现在在电子科技大学就读博士后，研究兴趣在无线通信的物理层方面。另外，对4gLTE、合作沟通、信息理论、网络编码和空时编码也有研究。

讲座分为两部分进行，第一部分主要介绍针对协作通信的网络编码知识，讲座过程中，Gordhan博士告诉同学们协作通信是一个崭新的研究领域，其思想在通信领域具有非常广阔的应用前景，该方法可以使具有单根天线的移动台获得类似于MIMO系统中的某些增益，其基本思想是在多用户环境中，具有单根天线的移动台可以按照一定的方式来共享彼此的天线从而产生一个虚拟MIMO系统，从而获得发分集增益。协作通信无论是在实际生活和学习中都具有非常广的应用。其中，Gordhan博士也对讲座过程中同学们提出的问题进行了回答，互动达到高潮。

第二部分Gordhan博士给我们介绍了自己的留学经历，为正在准备出国的同学提出了很中肯的准备建议，让大家受益颇深。